These are just a few of the gemstone mined around the world, there are many more in all colours shapes and sizes.
At JewelCraft we can help select the perfect stone for the occasion: Diamond, Diamond Coloured, Sapphire, Ruby, Emerald, Aquamarine, Amethyst, Citrine, Opal, Tourmaline, Topaz, Jade, Greenstone, Garnet, Tanzanite, Spinel, Pearl, Peridot, Iolite...
Diamond, Diamond Coloured, Sapphire, Ruby, Emerald, Aquamarine, Amethyst, Citrine, Opal, Tourmaline, Topaz, Jade, Greenstone, Garnet, Tanzanite, Spinel, Pearl, Peridot, Iolite...
These are just a few of the gemstone mined around the world, there are many more in all colours shapes and sizes, At JewelCraft we can help select the perfect stone for the occasion.
|
Stone |
Hardness |
Mineral Family |
Colour(s) |
Sources |
Treatment |
|
Diamond |
10 |
Diamond (Carbon) |
Colourless |
Russia, South Africa, Australia, Tanzania, China |
|
|
Diamond Coloured |
10 |
Diamond (carbon) |
Yellow, blue, brown, black, green, red, pink |
Australia, brazil, South Africa, Russia |
Some are mined in this state others are heat treated to produce the colour |
|
Sapphire |
9 |
Corundum |
Blue is the most common, from light blue to black, but also pink yellow green purple |
Thailand, Srilanka, Australia, Burma |
Heating is common and industry accepted form of colour enhancing. Beware of lead crystal enhancement |
|
Ruby |
9 |
Corundum |
Red |
Thailand, Srilanka, Vietnam, Burma |
Heating is common and industry accepted form of colour enhancing. Beware of lead crystal enhancement |
|
Emerald |
7.5-8 |
Beryl |
Light to dark green |
Columbia, brazil, Zimbabwe, ,South Africa |
Wax and or oil is added to hide fractures |
|
Aquamarine |
7.5-8 |
Beryl |
Light Blue, Blue, blue green |
Brazil, India, Madagascar, Russia, USA |
Heat treatment may be used to enhance |
|
Amethyst |
7 |
Quartz |
Purple |
USA Brazil, Mexico, India, China |
Heat, irradiation can be used to enhance colour |
|
Citrine |
7 |
Quartz |
Light Yellow- Golden Brown |
Brazil, USA, Spain, Russia, France, Scotland |
Heat treatment is common |
|
Opal |
5.5-6.5 |
Silica Gel |
White, black, grey, orange and rainbow |
Australia, Brazil, Mexico, USA |
Heat and oils |
|
Tourmaline |
7-7.5 |
Tourmaline |
Green, pink, red, multi-coloured |
Sri-Lanka, Russia, Burma, China, Kenya, USA, Brazil |
Heat to lighten, irradiation to darken |
|
Topaz |
8 |
Topaz |
Colourless, yellow, brown, light blue, green |
Sri-Lanka, Russia, Burma, China, Kenya, Japan, Australia,, Brazil |
Heat, irradiation can be used to enhance colour |
|
Jade, Greenstone |
8 |
Jade |
Green, brown yellow |
New Zealand, China, Canada, Russia |
Dyeing in pale greenstone |
|
Garnet |
7-7.5 |
Garnet |
Red, Green, yellow, orange |
Thailand, Afriac |
Heat |
|
Tanzanite |
6-7 |
Zoisite |
Blue, purple, violet |
Tanzania |
Heat |
|
Spinel |
8 |
Spinel |
Red, blue, orange black, green, pink |
Burma, Sri-Lanka, Thailand, Afghanistan |
Heat |
|
Pearl |
2.5-4 |
Organic substance |
Cream, white, pink, blue, black |
Japan, china, Tatihi, cook islands, Australia |
Bleach, dye, irradiation |
|
Peridot |
6.5-7 |
Olivine |
Yellow-green, olive green, brown |
Burma, South Africa, Zaire, Isle of St John |
None |
|
Iolite |
7-7.5 |
Iolite |
Purple, purple-blue |
Burma, Brazil, Sri-Lanka, India |
none |